The valley of Gauja river and its many tributaries represent one of the most outstanding elements in the terrain of Latvia. It is one of the deepest and most impressive river valleys in the Baltic States. Here we find impressive sandstone cliffs from the Devonian era which cannot be found anywhere else in the region. The area has been populated since ancient times, as can be seen in the many castle hills and medieval castles and estates. This is the largest and oldest national park in Latvia.
The most significant part of the park is the ancient valley of the Gauja, which was formed more than 300 million years ago, but acquired its current formation about 12 000 years ago when it was transformed by glacial sediments and melting waters. In ancient times, the river was navigable and served as a trade route. Ancient Liv settlements have formed on the shores. Later, surrounded by steep slopes and deep valleys, strong stone castles were built here. Cities grew up around them, where cultural and economic life developed.
Today, the Gauja National Park is a pearl of Latvia’s nature, history, culture and tourism. Impressive sandstone outcrops on the banks of rivers, outstandingly rich natural diversity, picturesque landscapes, natural and cultural monuments, well-maintained tourist trails.
The Gauja National Park must be enjoyed without hurrying, feeling the smells, colours and tastes, enjoying the views that open from the viewpoints, and getting to know the rhythm of life of the locals. This is best done by hiking, cycling or canoeing along the Gauja and its tributaries. When planning a route through the Gauja National Park, be far-sighted, do not leave without seeing the most interesting.
